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    <h1 class="post-title">
      Vue中mixins的使用方法和注意点
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    <h2 id="mixins特点"><a href="#mixins特点" class="headerlink" title="mixins特点"></a>mixins特点</h2><h3 id="方法和参数在各组件中不共享"><a href="#方法和参数在各组件中不共享" class="headerlink" title="方法和参数在各组件中不共享"></a>方法和参数在各组件中不共享</h3><p>如混入对象中有一个 cont:1的变量,在组件A中改变cont值为5，这时候在组件B中获取这个值，拿到的还是1，还是混入对象里的初始值，数据不共享</p>
<h3 id="值为对象的选项"><a href="#值为对象的选项" class="headerlink" title="值为对象的选项"></a>值为对象的选项</h3><p>如methods,components等，选项会被合并，键冲突的组件会覆盖混入对象的，比如混入对象里有个方法A，组件里也有方法A，这时候在组件里调用的话，执行的是组件里的A方法</p>
<h3 id="值为函数的选项"><a href="#值为函数的选项" class="headerlink" title="值为函数的选项"></a>值为函数的选项</h3><p>如created,mounted等，就会被合并调用，混合对象里的钩子函数在组件里的钩子函数之前调用，同一个钩子函数里，会先执行混入对象的东西，再执行本组件的</p>
<h3 id="与vuex的区别"><a href="#与vuex的区别" class="headerlink" title="与vuex的区别"></a>与vuex的区别</h3><p>vuex：用来做状态管理的，里面定义的变量在每个组件中均可以使用和修改，在任一组件中修改此变量的值之后，其他组件中此变量的值也会随之修改。</p>
<p>Mixins：可以定义共用的变量，在每个组件中使用，引入组件中之后，各个变量是相互独立的，值的修改在组件中不会相互影响。</p>
<h3 id="与公共组件的区别"><a href="#与公共组件的区别" class="headerlink" title="与公共组件的区别"></a>与公共组件的区别</h3><p>组件：在父组件中引入组件，相当于在父组件中给出一片独立的空间供子组件使用，然后根据props来传值，但本质上两者是相对独立的。</p>
<h2 id="mixins介绍"><a href="#mixins介绍" class="headerlink" title="mixins介绍"></a>mixins介绍</h2><p>Mixins：则是在引入组件之后与组件中的对象和方法进行合并，相当于扩展了父组件的对象与方法，可以理解为形成了一个新的组件。</p>
<p>混入 (mixins)：是一种分发 Vue 组件中可复用功能的非常灵活的方式。混入对象可以包含任意组件选项。当组件使用混入对象时，所有混入对象的选项将被混入该组件本身的选项。</p>
<p>具体应该怎么用？举个栗子：</p>
<ul>
<li>定义公共的mixins文件：如mixin.vue<pre class="line-numbers language-html" data-language="html"><code class="language-html"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>template</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>template</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"><span class="token language-javascript">
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">default</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  name<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">'mixins-test-main'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  components<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  props<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token function">data</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
      <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
          mixinData<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">'mixin中的变量'</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  methods<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
      <span class="token function">mixinFunction</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
          <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">'我是mixins里面的公共方法'</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token function">mounted</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  computed<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>style</span> <span class="token attr-name">scoped</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token style"><span class="token language-css">
</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>style</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre></li>
<li>在你页面内调用：需要import这个mixins文件 ，然后通过mixins:[‘文件名’]来使用就可以了<pre class="line-numbers language-html" data-language="html"><code class="language-html"><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>template</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
  <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>div</span> <span class="token attr-name">@click</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>handleMixin<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>调用mixin方法<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
  <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>template</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"><span class="token language-javascript">
  <span class="token keyword">import</span> MixinItem <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">'./mixin'</span>
  <span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">default</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
    name<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">'mixin-test-comp'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    props<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    mixins<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>MixinItem<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    components<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    <span class="token function">data</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    methods<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
        <span class="token function">handleMixin</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
            console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'mixin-data========='</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>mixinData<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            <span class="token keyword">let</span> mixfun <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">mixinFunction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'mixin-fun====>>>'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> mixfun<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    <span class="token function">mounted</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    computed<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>style</span> <span class="token attr-name">scoped</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token style"><span class="token language-css">
</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>style</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="参考链接"><a href="#参考链接" class="headerlink" title="参考链接"></a>参考链接</h2><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://juejin.cn/post/6844903908398071816">Vue中mixins的使用方法和注意点</a></p>

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